The main goal of glaucoma treatment is to reduce intraocular pressure. For this purpose, either the excretion of intraocular fluid can be increased or the amount of fluid produced in the eye can be reduced. Normally, the intraocular pressure should be between 10-20 mm Hg. Intraocular pressures above 22 mm Hg should be considered suspicious. If glaucoma treatment is delayed, the damage caused by the disease cannot be reversed, so early vision loss can be prevented in people with glaucoma only with regular examinations and appropriate treatment. If vision loss has already occurred, treatment can prevent or slow further vision loss.

The first step in treatment is eye drops. In cases where 2-3 drops are not enough, a drug that temporarily reduces the production of intraocular fluid from the mouth can be used. Drops may have adverse effects on the general health status of the patient as well as side effects such as allergy and irritation. If the drops cannot reduce the eye pressure enough or the patient cannot adapt to the drugs, the next step is laser or surgical treatment.

Laser treatments are simple and short-term procedures compared to surgery. After anesthetic drops are placed in the eye, laser application is applied to the patient with the help of a contact lens. Side effects are relatively few. With the method called selective laser trabeculoplasty, intraocular pressure can be reduced by 20-25% in open-angle glaucoma, and it may be possible to discontinue or reduce the drugs used in this way. The effect of laser treatments applied in closed-angle glaucoma, on the other hand, is not reducing the intraocular pressure, but preventing the crisis. The fluid flow in the eye is regulated by opening a small hole in the peripheral part of the colored part of the eye called the iris.

If eyedrop and laser treatments are not effective and sufficient in the treatment of glaucoma, surgery is applied as a last option. The aim and technique here is to create an artificial way to drain the intraocular fluid out of the eye. This drainage can be provided by expanding the eye's own outflow channel or by creating a surgical opening in the area where it is located, or by placing implants in the form of a specially manufactured silicone tube or metal rod. Surgical interventions always have the potential for relatively higher side effects.